Final practical examination-short case

FINAL PRACTICAL EXAMINATION-SHORT CASE

Feb 8,2022 

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CHIEF COMPLAINTS:

A 50 year male patient farmer by occupation brought  to casualty with h/o altered sensorium since 1 day

H/o fever since 4 days.

HISTORY OF PRESENTING ILLNESS -

Patient was apparently asymptomatic 4 days ago,then he developed fever which is high grade,No diurnal variation, associated with chills.

No h/o cough and GI symptoms. 

Attenders tells h/o stoppage of  oral hypoglycemic agents for 3days, h/o decreased intake of food as he has fever.

H/o altered sensorium since 1 day.

Irrelevant talk,not recognising attenders since this morning .

Able to move all four limbs,No h/o vomitings, head ache, seizures.

Took him to nalgonda hospital, TLC-13,000:POT-5.0:CREATININE:2.9

SHIFTED HERE FOR FURTHUR MANAGEMENT. 

PAST HISTORY - 

H/o TB 2YRS back used Anti Tubercular Therapy for 6 months.

Diagnosed as Type -2 Diabetes mellitus on Oral hypoglycemic agents 1 YR back.

No H/O Hypertension,asthma,Cerebro vascular accident

PERSONAL HISTORY :

DIET - MIXED,

APPETITE -NORMAL ,

BOWEL MOVEMENT - REGULAR , 

BLADDER MOVEMENTS - REGULAR, ADDICTIONS-H/O  SMOKING 30yrs ago(1 pack per day)- 

ALCOHOL-REGULAR INTAKE OF 180ML  SINCE 30YRS,STOPPED SINCE 2YRS AFTER DIAGNOSIS OF TB.

RECENTLY ALCOHOL INTAKE ON JAN 15,2022.

FAMILY HISTORY: 

Non-significant.

TREATMENT HISTORY: 

on oral hypoglycemic agents since 1 year

ON Anti Tubercular Therapy for 6 months

ON EXAMINATION -

PATIENT IS CONCIOUS , INCOHERENT, NON COOPERATIVE

NO ICTRUS 

NO PALLOR

CLUBBING:present.

NO  CYANOSIS , NO LYMPHADENOPATHY, NO  EDEMA

VITALS - 

TEMPERATURE - 97' F

PULSE RATE - 126BPM

BLOOD PRESSURE - 190/80 MM OF HG 

RESPIRATORY RATE - 28

SPO2 - 97 % AT ROOM AIR

GRBS-HIGH.

SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION - 

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM : S1 AND S2 HEARD , NO MURMURS

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM : BILATERAL AIR ENTRY PRESENT ,NORMAL VESICULAR BREATH SOUNDS

DYSPNOEA PRESENT.

P/A - soft,non tenderness, no organomegaly

CNS: Pt is conscious, inorientation ,non cooperative

Motor system:unable to move right LL against gravity.

Tone  -   Rt      Lt

U/L        N          N

L/L        ?HYPO          N            

Reflexes:

Biceps,triceps,supinator,knee,ankle:can't be elicited.

B/L PLANTAR EXTENSION PRESENT.

O/E NECK STIFFNESS PRESENT,APPEARS TO BE ?SPONDYLOARTHROPATHY.

INVESTIGATIONS:

Serum creatinine:

ECG:

Complete urine examination:

Urine for ketone bodies:

Serum electrolytes:


Blood urea:

Haemogram:

Blood sugar fasting:

Complete blood picture:

Serum osmolality:

Liver function test:

2D echo:


PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS:
CASE OF ALTERED SENSORIUM SECONDARY TO DKA.

TREATMENT :
1.IVF 2 UNITS NS IV_BOLUS/STAT.
AND THEN IVF NS@100ML/HR
2.INJ.HAI 6U/IV/STAT
3.INJ.HUMAN ACTRAPID 1ML(40U) 
4.INJ.THIAMINE 1AMP IN 100ML NS/IV/OD
5.INJ.OPTINEURON 1 AMP IN 100ML NS/IV/OD
6.GRBS MONITORING-EVERY HOURLY.
7.INJ.MONOCEF 2GM/IV/BD.


















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